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Although the term "Kali" is a term that is used interchangeably with terms such as "Arnis" and "Escrima", it is, more often than not, used to represent the large variety of Filipino martial arts. The meaning of the word "Kali" is, in itself, the subject of many debates and legends. We will not examine these legends here, instead, we shall refer you to the excellent research done by Mark V. Wiley in his book "Filipino Martial Arts".
A "Kalista" (master of the art of Kali) is, for example, proficient in the use of the "baston" (stick), "espada" (sword), and "daga" (dagger). However, the study of kali is not limited to those weapons or even to just weapons in general. The art of kali also translates well to empty hand fighting and also teaches its students the use of footwork.
The art has evolved over several centuries and present day kalistas make use of a angle-of-attack numbering system. This numbering system is a legacy of the Spaniards who, on their way to the ulitmate conquest of the Phillipines, travelled through the South Pacific in the 16 century. It was during this period that noted Spanish explorer, Ferdinand Magellan, was killed by Filipino warriors. For many years under Spanish rule, the Filipinos were prohibitied from practicing this art, however, the art was cleverly preserved through dance.
It is interesting to note that the terms "Arnis" and "Escrima" are also legacies from the Spanish, who's own sword technique and language have had a lasting influence in the art.
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